Absolute Humidity Calculator

Use our absolute humidity calculator to calculate absolute humidity (lb/cu ft) from air temperature and relative humidity. Also returns actual vapor pressure (psi). Includes the absolute humidity formula, equation, and steps for how to calculate absolute humidity.

Relative humidity (%)
Enter relative humidity (0–100%).
Air temperature (°F)
Enter air temperature in °F.
Results
Actual vapor pressure (psi)
Actual vapor pressure e = RH × saturation vapor pressure.
Absolute humidity (lb/cu ft)
Absolute humidity is the density of water vapor: ρv = e / (Rv × T).
Steps: compute saturation vapor pressure from temperature, multiply by RH, then convert to vapor density using the ideal gas law.
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What Is Absolute Humidity?

Absolute humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air per unit volume. It tells you how much water vapor is actually present, usually expressed as a mass-per-volume value.

Relative humidity (RH) is different: it depends on temperature and describes how close the air is to saturation. Warmer air can hold more water vapor, so the same absolute humidity can produce a different relative humidity at a different temperature.

This calculator uses air temperature (°F) and relative humidity (%) to estimate actual vapor pressure (psi) and absolute humidity (lb/cu ft).

Absolute Humidity Formula

To calculate absolute humidity from temperature and relative humidity, you can compute saturation vapor pressure at the air temperature, scale it by RH to get actual vapor pressure, then convert vapor pressure into a vapor density using the ideal gas relationship.

Fahrenheit to Celsius =
T(°C) = (T(°F) 32) × 5/9

Convert air temperature to °C for the saturation vapor pressure step.

Saturation vapor pressure (Magnus approximation) =
e_s = 6.112 × exp((17.67 × T) / (T + 243.5))

T is in °C and e_s is in hPa.

Actual vapor pressure =
e = (RH / 100) × e_s

e is the actual vapor pressure (same units as e_s).

Convert vapor pressure to psi =
epsi = e(hPa) × 0.0145038

1 hPa ≈ 0.0145038 psi.

Absolute humidity (vapor density) =
ρ_v = e(Pa) / (R_v × T(K))

Use e in pascals (Pa), T in kelvin (K), and R_v = 461.5 J/(kg·K). The result ρ_v is in kg/m^3.

Unit conversions used =
e(Pa) = e(hPa) × 100, T(K) = T(°C) + 273.15

These convert hPa → Pa and °C → K for the absolute humidity step.

Convert kg/m^3 to lb/cu ft =
ρ_v(lb/ft^3) = ρ_v(kg/m^3) × 0.06242796

1 kg/m^3 ≈ 0.06242796 lb/ft^3.

RH
= Relative humidity (%)
T
= Air temperature (°F, converted to °C and K in the formulas)
e_s
= Saturation vapor pressure (hPa)
e
= Actual vapor pressure (hPa, then converted to psi and Pa)
ρ_v
= Absolute humidity (kg/m^3, then converted to lb/cu ft)
R_v
= Water vapor gas constant = 461.5 J/(kg·K)

How to Calculate Absolute Humidity

  1. 1

    Enter relative humidity (%).

  2. 2

    Enter air temperature (°F).

  3. 3

    The calculator estimates saturation vapor pressure at that temperature, then multiplies by RH to get actual vapor pressure (psi).

  4. 4

    It converts vapor pressure into vapor density and outputs absolute humidity in lb/cu ft.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you calculate absolute humidity?

A common approach is: compute saturation vapor pressure from temperature, multiply by RH to get actual vapor pressure, then convert vapor pressure into vapor density using the ideal gas relationship.

What is the absolute humidity equation?

One standard form is ρ_v = e / (R_v × T), where e is actual vapor pressure (Pa), T is temperature (K), and R_v is the water vapor gas constant.

How to measure absolute humidity?

Absolute humidity is usually derived from measurements like temperature and humidity (or dew point) using psychrometric relationships. Dedicated sensors typically measure relative humidity and temperature, then absolute humidity is computed.

Why does this calculator also return actual vapor pressure?

Actual vapor pressure is a direct measure of how much water vapor is in the air, and it is an intermediate step used to compute absolute humidity.

Can I calculate absolute humidity in Excel?

Yes. You can implement the same steps: compute saturation vapor pressure from temperature, multiply by RH, then use ρ_v = e / (R_v × T) with unit conversions.