Arrow Speed Calculator
Use our arrow speed calculator to estimate arrow speed based on common archery inputs. Includes an arrow speed formula, how to calculate arrow speed without a chronograph, and tips for getting the most accurate arrow speed estimate.
What Is Arrow Speed?
Arrow speed is how fast an arrow leaves the bow, usually measured in feet per second (fps) or meters per second (m/s). Faster arrows generally fly flatter (less drop over distance), but speed depends on many factors: bow setup, draw weight, draw length, arrow weight, and efficiency.
A chronograph is the most direct way to measure arrow speed. An arrow speed calculator estimates speed using typical relationships used in archery setups and manufacturer ratings, which can be very useful for quick comparisons even if it won’t be perfect for every bow.
If you’re trying to calculate arrow speed without a chronograph, the goal is usually a good estimate—then you can fine-tune using real-world sight marks or actual chronograph readings when available.
How to Calculate Arrow Speed Without a Chronograph
- 1
Start with a known reference speed for your bow setup (often an advertised IBO rating or a verified baseline speed).
- 2
Adjust the estimate based on arrow weight changes (heavier arrows reduce speed; lighter arrows increase speed).
- 3
Adjust for draw length and draw weight differences from the reference setup (shorter draw length / lower draw weight generally reduce speed).
- 4
Use the calculator to combine these adjustments into a final estimated arrow speed.
Frequently Asked Questions
There isn’t one universal formula that works perfectly for every bow because arrow speed depends on bow efficiency and setup. Most accurate arrow speed calculator estimates start from a known baseline (like an IBO rating or a measured speed) and apply adjustments for arrow weight, draw length, and draw weight.
Use a baseline speed (manufacturer rating or prior measurement) and apply adjustments for your actual arrow weight, draw length, and draw weight. Then validate by checking real-world sight marks or measuring with a chronograph when possible.
Accuracy comes from using a trustworthy baseline speed and entering your real setup values. The best estimate is usually one calibrated to your bow (using a measured speed once), then used to predict changes when you swap arrow weight or adjust draw settings.
Heavier arrows require more energy to accelerate, so they typically leave the bow slower. Lighter arrows usually increase speed, but very light arrows can stress equipment—follow manufacturer minimum arrow weight guidance.
No. This calculator estimates launch speed. Arrows slow down due to air resistance, especially depending on arrow diameter, fletching, and broadhead/point choice.